This is an advanced Technology involved the exchanges of ions between two molecules or compounds. Here water is passed through a column of inert materials often beds of a polymer, which have ionic groups, attached to the surface.
There are two types of ion exchanges; cation and anion exchange. The first type, which is used in water softening, has negative surface ions to which anions can cling. Initially Sodium ions are held to the negative groups, but when water containing Calcium ions is poured over the beads, the sodium ions are displaced. The water that comes out contains Sodium ions, but it is no longer hard. Of course, eventually all the available sites are full and no more Calcium ions can be taken up. When this happens the column is flooded with salt water.
The deluge of Sodium ions displaces the Calcium ions. A part of the DM plant with Cation exchanger anion and then the column is ready to be used again. A similar Exchanger, mixed bed chamber and it panel control method to using an ion exchange column is to use board of 1000 LPH capacity and easy recharging facility zeolite. Zeolites are cage-like structures made from silicates. With vacuum techniques. They have empty spaces in their structures in to which ions can fit.
When hard water passes over the zeolite the Calcium Magnesium like heavy metal ions displaces the Sodium ions. Swamping it with salt water regenerates the Zeolite. Very similarly anion exchange resins are inert materials often beds of polymer where cationic groups are attached to this surface when water is allowed to procolate through this bed the ions with negative charge will be replaced by the Cl-, SO4- like anions.
An ion exchange plant of 3000LPH capacity MS body with inside and outside FRP lining online backwash facility and auto re-charging of Softener by vacuum techniques.
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